Preguntas Frecuentes

Sexuality education is a process that helps children and adolescents develop the skills to make informed and responsible decisions about their bodies. It is essential because it promotes relationships —whether romantic, family, or social— based on respect, equity, and diversity. In addition, it helps prevent unintended pregnancies and sexually transmitted infections (STIs).

Yes, sexuality education is a shared responsibility among the family, school, and society. Parents and caregivers should be informed so they can provide clear and accurate knowledge about sexuality, contributing to the comprehensive development of children and adolescents.

No, global studies show that sexuality education does not accelerate the onset of sexual activity. On the contrary, it teaches young people to be more responsible in their sexual behavior, helping to prevent unintended pregnancies and STIs.

No, sexuality education does not take away children’s innocence. Just like learning to read or add, this education provides essential knowledge for their overall development, based on scientific and age-appropriate information.

Yes, sexuality education is based on values such as respect, tolerance, equality, and empathy, all linked to universal human rights. These values are essential for building healthy and equitable relationships.

Sexuality education should promote critical thinking, self-awareness, body acceptance, and the development of equitable relationships. It should also include information about contraceptive methods, STI prevention, and sexual and reproductive rights.

No, sexuality education is an effective strategy to prevent unintended pregnancies and STIs. Studies show that sexual education reduces teenage pregnancies and promotes informed decision-making.

It’s important to respond with honesty and clarity. If you don’t know the answer, it’s better to admit it and look for reliable information. This builds trust and provides accurate guidance about sexuality and reproductive health.

Adolescence is a stage of physical, psychological, and social changes in which young people seek independence and autonomy. These changes may lead to conflicts with adults, but they are a normal part of the development toward adulthood.

You can talk about contraceptive methods and condom use in a natural way, using everyday examples and encouraging open dialogue. It’s important for young people to feel comfortable asking questions and receiving accurate information.

It is not harmful if it is handled naturally and respectfully. However, it’s important to respect children’s privacy and teach them about body boundaries to help prevent situations of sexual abuse.

Masturbation is a natural practice that should not cause distress for parents. It’s important to address the topic with respect and open communication, suggesting that it be done in private to preserve intimacy.

Many parents were raised in a time when sexual relationships were associated with marriage. Today, it’s important to promote dialogue and education about responsible sexuality so that young people can make informed decisions.

It’s important to stay calm and listen to your children. Providing guidance on contraceptive methods, STI prevention, and encouraging responsibility in their sexual lives is essential. If necessary, seek support from professionals.

Open dialogue and trust are essential. Talk about the importance of family planning, condom use, and the prevention of unintended pregnancies. Use practical examples and respect their decisions.

Yes, music has a persuasive power that can influence mood, beliefs, and attitudes. Young people are more exposed to these messages, so it’s important to promote critical and reflective sexuality education.

Voluntary termination of pregnancy (IVE, by its Spanish acronym) is a term that emphasizes women’s autonomy and rights, while the word “abortion” is often associated with negative connotations. Both terms refer to the interruption of pregnancy, but IVE focuses on sexual and reproductive rights.

In Colombia, IVE is permitted up to the 24th week of pregnancy without the need for justification. After this period, it is allowed in cases where the pregnancy poses a risk to the woman’s life or health, in cases of fetal malformation, or when the pregnancy is the result of rape.

There are two types of abortion: spontaneous abortion, which occurs naturally, and induced abortion, which is performed voluntarily with medical assistance.

Any woman or person with the capacity to become pregnant can access IVE in Colombia. They only need to express their decision to their EPS or trusted health provider (IPS), without having to meet any additional requirements up to the 24th week of pregnancy.

No, the legalization of abortion does not increase its incidence. Countries with access to sexual education and contraceptive methods have lower abortion rates. Legalization ensures safe procedures and reduces health risks.

No, emergency contraception prevents pregnancy before fertilization occurs. It has no effect on an existing pregnancy and therefore is not considered an abortive method.

In Colombia, there is no gestational limit for requesting an IVE if the legal grounds are met. However, it is important to seek medical care as soon as possible to reduce risks.

An unintended pregnancy is one that occurs outside the life plans of the woman or pregnant person. It may result from a lack of access to contraceptive methods or failure in their use.

STIs are infections transmitted mainly through sexual contact, caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasites. Some can be treated and cured, while others, such as HIV, require long-term management.

Young people between the ages of 15 and 24 are at higher risk of acquiring STIs due to risky sexual behaviors, such as not using condoms or having multiple sexual partners.

Risk factors include unprotected sexual activity, alcohol and drug use, and the exchange of bodily fluids. Prevention through condom use is essential.

The most common STIs include HIV, HPV, syphilis, gonorrhea, chlamydia, genital herpes, and hepatitis B. It’s important to detect them early in order to receive appropriate treatment.

Yes, women are biologically more vulnerable due to their anatomy. In addition, many STIs are asymptomatic in women, which delays diagnosis and treatment.

Untreated STIs can cause infertility, ectopic pregnancies, and can be transmitted to the fetus during pregnancy or childbirth. It is crucial to receive timely medical care.

HPV is a group of viruses transmitted through sexual contact that can cause genital warts and increase the risk of cervical cancer.

HPV prevention includes proper condom use and vaccination. Women should have regular Pap tests to detect cellular changes early.

Yes, in Colombia there are vaccines against the types of HPV most commonly associated with cervical cancer. Vaccination is included in the Expanded Immunization Program (PAI).

Treatment for HPV includes regular Pap tests, colposcopies, and in some cases, the removal of lesions through cauterization or topical medications.

Contraceptive methods are techniques used to prevent unintended pregnancies. They are classified into natural, barrier, hormonal, and permanent methods, such as tubal ligation and vasectomy.

Folk methods are popular beliefs without scientific basis, such as drinking Coca-Cola with Alka Seltzer, which do not prevent pregnancy or STIs.

Natural methods are based on the menstrual cycle and do not use external elements. They include the rhythm method, basal body temperature, and cervical mucus observation, but they have high failure rates.

Modern methods include hormonal contraceptives (pills, injections), barrier methods (condoms), and intrauterine devices (IUDs). They are highly effective in preventing pregnancy.

No, this is a false belief. The only effective way to prevent pregnancy is by using modern and reliable contraceptive methods.

No, condoms do not cause yeast infections. However, some people may be allergic to latex and experience irritation. In such cases, it is recommended to use condoms made from other materials.

This is a misconception. Condoms do not reduce sexual pleasure when used correctly. In fact, there are condoms with different textures and flavors that can enhance stimulation.

The female condom is a thin pouch that is inserted into the vagina before sexual intercourse. It provides protection similar to the male condom and can be used together with other contraceptive methods.

If the condom breaks, it is recommended to use emergency contraception to prevent an unintended pregnancy. It is also important to get tested for STIs if there was a risk of exposure.

Morning-after pills are a form of emergency contraception that prevent pregnancy if taken within 72 hours after unprotected sexual intercourse.

In boys, changes include the growth of the genitals, the appearance of pubic hair, and the first ejaculation. In girls, the breasts develop, menstruation begins, and the hips widen.

Adolescents experience a search for autonomy, greater interest in romantic relationships, and emotional changes. It is normal for conflicts with parents to arise as they seek to define their identity.

No, puberty is a biological process that marks the beginning of adolescence. Puberty refers to physical changes, while adolescence also includes psychological and social aspects.

Pimples and blackheads appear due to hormonal changes that increase oil production in the skin. When this oil mixes with dead skin cells, it can clog pores and cause acne.

No, girls usually begin puberty earlier than boys. The age of onset varies depending on genetic, nutritional, and environmental factors.

Semen appears during puberty, usually between the ages of 11 and 13, when the testicles begin to produce sperm.

Ejaculation is the release of semen through the penis, accompanied by a sensation of pleasure. It is a normal bodily response during sexual arousal.

El control de la eyaculación puede mejorar con la práctica y la comunicación con la pareja. En casos de eyaculación precoz, se recomienda consultar a un especialista en salud sexual.

Wet dreams are involuntary ejaculations that occur during sleep. They are a normal physiological response, especially during adolescence, as part of sexual development

Yes, adolescents can experience sexual problems just like adults. Sexual disorders can affect people of any age, sex, or sexual orientation. Causes include cultural beliefs, physical conditions, drug or alcohol use, and emotional issues such as stress or anxiety.

An adult man can have between 3 and 5 nocturnal erections during sleep, especially during the REM phase. This is normal and not always related to erotic dreams.

The size of the penis in a flaccid state ranges from 7 to 10 cm, and in erection, it can vary between 12 and 17 cm. It is important to note that size does not determine sexual pleasure.

No, penis size is not the most important factor in sexual relationships. Pleasure depends more on communication, intimacy, and mutual exploration between partners.

Sexual pleasure varies according to individual preferences. For some, penetration is key, while for others, foreplay and physical affection are more important. Communication is essential to discovering what each person enjoys.

Pain in the penis after sex may be caused by infections or small tears. If the pain persists, it’s important to consult a urologist to rule out any health issues.

Priapism is a prolonged erection lasting more than 4 hours without sexual stimulation. It is a medical emergency that can cause permanent damage to the penile tissue if not treated promptly.

Yes, especially in adolescents, frequent erections are normal and can occur in response to any stimulus, even nonsexual ones. This frequency tends to decrease with age.

No, the penis is not a muscle and does not grow with exercise. Its size increases only during erection due to blood flow.

If the testicles do not descend into the scrotum after birth, it is important to consult a pediatrician or urologist. This can help prevent complications such as infertility or testicular cancer.

An erection is the engorgement of the blood vessels in the penis, while an orgasm is the sexual climax, accompanied by sensations of pleasure and, in men, ejaculation.

Circumcision is a surgical procedure to remove the foreskin. It is recommended for hygienic or religious reasons but is not mandatory. It is important to respect the individual’s autonomy.

Men should maintain proper genital hygiene by cleaning the glans and foreskin during bathing. It is also important to wear clean underwear and avoid irritating products.

The clitoris is a highly sensitive female sexual organ with thousands of nerve endings. Its stimulation produces sexual pleasure and is key to the female orgasm.

Virginity is a cultural concept associated with the first vaginal sexual intercourse. However, activities such as oral or anal sex do not affect virginity from an anatomical perspective.

The vagina has multiple functions, such as allowing penetration, receiving semen, facilitating childbirth, and expelling menstrual blood.

Cervical mucus is a fluid produced by the cervix. Its consistency changes throughout the menstrual cycle, becoming clearer and more slippery during ovulation.

Vaginal infections are caused by bacteria, fungi, or parasites. Symptoms include abnormal discharge, itching, and unpleasant odor. Treatment depends on the type of infection and should be supervised by a gynecologist.

A Pap smear is a test used to detect abnormal cells or cervical cancer. It is recommended for women over 18 years of age or those who have started their sexual life

The menstrual cycle is the period between one menstruation and the next, with an average duration of 28 days. It can vary between 21 and 35 days and is key to identifying fertile days.

Menopause is the permanent cessation of menstruation, usually occurring between the ages of 45 and 55. Symptoms include hot flashes, mood changes, and vaginal dryness.

The G-spot is a sensitive area inside the vagina that, when stimulated, can produce intense orgasms. It is located about 4–7 cm from the vaginal entrance.

Erogenous zones are areas of the body that, when stimulated, produce sexual pleasure. In women, these zones are generally more numerous and sensitive than in men.

Masturbation is the stimulation of the genitals to achieve sexual pleasure. It is not harmful and does not cause health problems such as infertility or frigidity.

Sexual orientation refers to emotional and sexual attraction toward other people. The types include heterosexuality, homosexuality, and bisexuality.

Sex education is key to making informed decisions about sexual and reproductive health. It helps prevent unintended pregnancies and sexually transmitted infections (STIs).

STIs are infections that are transmitted mainly through sexual contact. Some, such as HIV and syphilis, can be serious if not treated promptly.

HPV is a sexually transmitted virus that can cause genital warts and increase the risk of cervical cancer. It can be prevented through condom use and vaccination.

Infertility is the difficulty in conceiving after one year of unprotected sexual intercourse. It is recommended to consult a fertility specialist if pregnancy does not occur within that time.

Infertility can have multiple causes in both men and women. In women, causes include hormonal disorders, endometriosis, uterine fibroids, sexually transmitted infections (STIs), and premature ovarian failure. In men, causes may include abnormalities in sperm, erectile dysfunction, varicocele, or exposure to toxic substances. A clinical evaluation is essential to identify the exact cause.

It is recommended to consult a fertility specialist after one year of unprotected sexual intercourse without achieving pregnancy. If the woman is over 34 years old, the waiting period is reduced to six months due to the natural decline in fertility with age.

Men can remain fertile throughout their lives, as sperm production is continuous. However, sperm quality may decrease with age.

Yes, infertility can be treated. A reproductive specialist will perform a complete evaluation and recommend treatments such as ovulation induction, intrauterine insemination, or in vitro fertilization (IVF), depending on the case.

Infertility treatments include:

• Minimally invasive surgeries such as laparoscopy.

• Low-complexity assisted reproduction: ovulation induction, timed intercourse, and intrauterine insemination.

• High-complexity assisted reproduction: in vitro fertilization (IVF), intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), and egg donation.

No, pregnancy during adolescence (between ages 10 and 19) carries risks such as childbirth complications, low birth weight, and school dropout. Adolescent mothers are also at higher risk of conditions like hypertension and anemia.

Fear of pregnancy may stem from concerns about physical changes, financial responsibilities, and the impact on social and professional life. Each woman experiences this fear differently.

Yes, childbirth in adolescents under 16 years old is considered high-risk. It can cause complications such as premature birth, low birth weight, and maternal conditions like hypertension and anemia.

Yes, a relationship can work without sexual activity if there is communication, emotional intimacy, and mutual respect. Sex is not the only factor that determines the success of a relationship.

Yes, having sex at an early age can increase the risk of unintended pregnancies and sexually transmitted infections (STIs). It is important to use contraceptive methods such as condoms to prevent these risks.

Not all women experience pain during their first sexual intercourse. Pain may be caused by factors such as fear, inexperience, or lack of lubrication. Proper preparation and a relaxed environment can make the experience more comfortable and pleasurable.

In some cases, men may feel discomfort in the foreskin or testicles during their first sexual intercourse. If the pain persists, it is advisable to consult a urologist.

No, there are no physical signs that can indicate whether a woman is a virgin. Virginity is a cultural concept and cannot be determined by physical appearance.

Fear of the first sexual experience may stem from a lack of information, cultural myths, or concerns about pain and social judgment. Comprehensive sex education can help reduce these fears.

Not all women bleed during their first sexual intercourse. The hymen can be elastic and may not tear, or it may have already stretched or torn due to physical activities.